International Cooperation
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This page summarizes U.S. efforts related to GPS cooperation with other countries and international organizations.
The U.S. Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Policy encourages international cooperation related to GPS and global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). It directs the United States to:
“Engage with international GNSS providers to ensure compatibility, encourage interoperability with likeminded nations, promote transparency in civil service provision, and enable market access for United States industry.” View source
Some links below lead to external websites that the U.S. government does not control.
Australia
The United States and Australia initiated a cooperative relationship on GPS and GPS augmentations through a Joint Delegation Statement signed in 2007. The cooperation expands upon existing efforts to ensure interoperability between GPS and Australia's Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS).
Major Documents:
- 2007 Joint Delegation Statement (establishing cooperation)
- 2010 Joint Announcement on Civil GPS and Space Cooperation
China
In 2010, the United States and China concluded technical coordination discussions on radio frequency compatibility between China's BeiDou System (BDS) and GPS. These discussions, held at the operator-to-operator level since 2007, occurred under the auspices of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
In 2014, the United States and China began bilateral consultations on civil cooperation concerning GPS and BDS.
Major Documents:
- 2014 Joint Statement (establishing cooperation)
- 2017 Joint Statement on Civil Signal Compatibility and Interoperability
Europe
The United States and the European Union and its member states have been close partners in the area of satellite navigation since 2004, when the parties signed a historic agreement establishing cooperation between GPS and Europe's Galileo system. The cooperation aims to ensure that GPS and Galileo are interoperable at the user level for the benefit of civil users around the world. The cooperation is also intended to maintain fair trade in the global satellite navigation market.
The GPS-Galileo Agreement established working groups for cooperation on:
- Radio frequency compatibility and interoperability
- Trade and civil applications
- Design and development of the next generation of systems
Major Documents:
- 2004 GPS-Galileo Agreement (establishing cooperation)
- 2006 Joint Statement (signal optimization)
- 2007 Joint Statement (Working Group B)
- 2007 Joint Fact Sheet on GPS-Galileo Cooperation
- 2007 Joint Press Release on Common Civil Signal Design
- 2008 GPS-Galileo Working Group B Meeting Summary
- 2008 Joint Statement (first plenary meeting)
- 2010 Joint Statement on Combined Performance of GPS and Galileo
- 2013 Interim Report of ARAIM Technical Subgroup
- 2015 Milestone 2 Report of ARAIM Technical Subgroup
- 2016 Milestone 3 Report of ARAIM Technical Subgroup
India
The United States and India issued a Joint Statement in 2007 establishing cooperation on GPS and GPS augmentations. The cooperation expands upon existing efforts to ensure interoperability between GPS and India's GPS And GEO-Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) system.
Major Documents:
Japan
The United States and Japan have enjoyed a successful relationship on satellite navigation since 1998, when the heads of both nations signed a Joint Statement establishing cooperation in the use of GPS. Through this relationship, the two nations have achieved interoperability between GPS and Japan's MTSAT-based Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS), a geostationary satellite similar to the U.S. Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). The nations have also taken steps to ensure interoperability between the next-generation GPS constellation and Japan's Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), a regional satellite constellation designed to complement GPS over East Asia.
Major Documents:
- 1998 Joint Statement (establishing cooperation)
- 2001 Joint Announcement (first plenary meeting)
- 2002 Joint Announcement (initiating GPS/QZSS cooperation)
- 2004 Joint Statement
- 2006 Joint Announcement (GPS/QZSS interoperability)
- 2007 Joint Announcement
- 2008 Joint Announcement (noting QZSS sites in Hawaii and Guam)
- 2010 Joint Announcement
- 2011 Joint Announcement
- 2012 Joint Announcement (releasing TWG report)
- 2012 Fact Sheet on U.S.-Japan Cooperative Initiatives (archives.gov)
- 2013 Joint Statement from 1st Comprehensive Space Dialogue (state.gov)
- 2013 Joint Announcement
- 2014 Joint Statement from 2nd Comprehensive Space Dialogue (state.gov)
- 2017 Joint Statement from 4th Comprehensive Space Dialogue (state.gov)
- 2018 Joint Statement from 5th Comprehensive Space Dialogue (state.gov)
- 2019 Joint Statement from 6th Comprehensive Space Dialogue (state.gov)
- 2020 Joint Statement from 7th Comprehensive Space Dialogue (state.gov)
- 2023 Joint Statement from 8th Comprehensive Space Dialogue (state.gov)
Republic of Korea
The United States and the Republic of Korea issued a joint statement in 2021 announcing cooperation on matters of mutual interest related to GPS and the Korean Positioning System (KPS). The cooperation expands upon existing discussions on matters of compatibility, interoperability and transparency related to civil satellite navigation.
Major Documents:
- 2021 Joint Statement (establishing cooperation)
- 2021 Fact Sheet on United States–Republic of Korea Partnership (whitehouse.gov)
- 2022 Joint Statement (whitehouse.gov)
- 2023 Joint Announcement (establishing Technical Working Group, state.gov)
Russia
The United States and Russia initiated cooperation in 2004, with the primary goal of enabling civil interoperability at the user level between GPS and Russia's GLONASS system.
As of April 2014, all U.S.-Russia cooperation in this area is on hold.
Major Documents:
United Kingdom
The governments of the United States and the United Kingdom (UK) hold bilateral discussions on GNSS-related matters when needed. The UK previously participated in the U.S.-EU cooperation on GPS and Galileo.
Major Documents:
International Committee on GNSS
The United States is a charter member of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG), established in 2005 through the U.N. Office of Outer Space Affairs. The ICG promotes worldwide applications of satellite navigation technology, particularly in developing nations. The United States is a key member of the ICG Providers Forum, a venue for multilateral interaction among the world's providers of satellite navigation services.
Major Documents (at unoosa.org):
U.S. ICG Presentations:
- 2005: ICG Formation Meeting, Vienna, Austria
- 2006: ICG-1, Vienna, Austria
- 2007: ICG-2, Bangalore, India
- 2008: ICG-3, Pasadena, USA
- 2009: ICG-4, St. Petersburg, Russia
- 2010: ICG-5, Torino, Italy
- 2011: ICG-6, Tokyo, Japan
- 2012: ICG-7, Beijing, China
- 2013: ICG-8, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- 2014: ICG-9, Prague, Czech Republic
- 2015: ICG-10, Boulder, USA
- 2016: ICG-11, Sochi, Russia
- 2017: ICG-12, Kyoto, Japan
- 2018: ICG-13, Xi'an, China
Other International Organizations
Beyond the ICG, the United States works on international satellite navigation issues through other multilateral bodies, including:
- International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
- International Maritime Organization (IMO)
- International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
- U.N. Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS)
- Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
- World Trade Organization (WTO)